Q. 6
(A) Rights and Duties
Rights are legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom or
entitlement; that's , rights are the elemental normative rules about what's
allowed of individuals or owed to people consistent with some system , social
convention, or ethical theory. Rights are of essential importance in such
disciplines as law and ethics, especially theories of justice and deontology.
Rights are often considered fundamental to civilization, for
they're considered established pillars of society and culture. and therefore
the history of social conflicts are often found within the history of every
right and its development. consistent with the Stanford Encyclopedia of
Philosophy, "rights structure the shape of governments, the content of
laws, and therefore the shape of morality because it is currently
perceived".
Natural rights are rights which are "natural"
within the sense of "not artificial, not man-made", as in rights
deriving from attribute or from the edicts of a god. they're universal; that's
, they apply to all or any people, and don't derive from the laws of any
specific society. They exist necessarily, attach to every individual, and
cannot be removed . for instance , it's been argued that humans have a natural
right to life. These are sometimes called moral rights or inalienable rights.
Main features of Rights:
- Rights exist only in society. These are the products of social living.
- Rights are claims of the individuals for his or her development in society.
- Rights are recognized by the society as common claims of all the people.
- Rights are rational and moral claims that the people make on their society.
- Since rights are here only in society, these can't be exercised against the society.
- Rights are to be exercised by the people for his or her development which really means their development in society by the promotion of social good. Rights can never be exercised against social good.
- Rights are equally available to all or any the people.
- The contents of rights keep it up changing with the passage of your time .
- Rights aren't absolute. These always bear limitations deemed essential for maintaining public health, security, order and morality.
- Rights are inseparably related with duties. there's an in depth relationship between them “No Duties No Rights. No Rights No Duties.” “If I even have rights it's my duty to respect the rights of others in society”.
Duties
A duty (from "due" meaning "that which is
owing"; Old French: deu, did, perfect participle of devoir; Latin: debere,
debitum, whence "debt") may be a commitment or expectation to perform
some action generally or if certain circumstances arise. a requirement may
arise from a system of ethics or morality, especially in an honor culture. Many
duties are created by law, sometimes including a codified punishment or
liability for non-performance. Performing one's duty may require some sacrifice
of self-interest.
Cicero, an early Roman philosopher who discusses duty in his
work “On Duty", suggests that duties can come from four different sources:
- as a results of b`eing a person's
- as a results of one's particular place in life (one's family, one's country, one's job)
- as a results of one's character
- as a results of one's own moral expectations for oneself
The specific duties imposed by law or culture vary
considerably, counting on jurisdiction, religion, and social norms.
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